Home
Subject list
Religion
Religion
|
1020 BC 980 BC |
Radiocarbon dating on burnt olive pits found in the ancient city of Khirbet Qeiyafa, 19 miles (30km) southwest of Jerusalem, indicate it existed between during this period, before being violently destroyed. In 2012 archaeologists reported the discovery of shrines from the fortified city, providing the earliest evidence of a Biblical cult. Links: Israel, Palestine, Religion, HistoryBC 
|
||
|
563 BC |
Buddha (d.483BC), Siddhartha Gautama, was born in Northern India (later Nepal). Raja Suddhodana, king of the Sakyas in the 6th century BC, is best known as the father of Buddha. The kingdom of the Sakyas was on what is now the border of Nepal and India. The birthplace of the Indian prince Siddartha, who became the monk Buddha, was believed to have been discovered by archeologists in 1996. Lumbini, Nepal, the birthplace of Buddha, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. His birthday was later celebrated in Nepal on the day of the first full moon in May. Wesak Day (Waisak, Vesak), also known as Buddha's birthday, is also observed as the anniversary of his enlightenment. Links: India, Nepal, Religion, HistoryBC
|
||
|
190 BC 180 BC |
The “Wisdom of Sirach” was written about this time in Hebrew. Its apocalyptic tone reflects the shock of the Jewish religious establishment at the encounter with Hellenic culture. Links: Israel, Greece, Writer, Jews, Books, Religion
|
||
|
33 Apr 3 |
Christ was crucified (according to astronomers Humphreys and Waddington). The date is highly debated. See April 30, 30AD. Links: Romans, Israel, Palestine, Religion
|
||
|
52 |
St. Paul of Tarsus, Christian preacher, arrived in the port city of Ephesus (Turkey) about this time and spent 3 years there. Silt from the Kaistros River ended cargo shipping by the end of the first century. By 2007 the sea was 7 miles from the former port. Links: Turkey, Religion
|
||
We offer additional services to help you as well including
tax attorney help with tax relief issues,
auto accident attorney services, and
sustainable development information to research going green!
| |||
|
230 |
The St. Georgeous Church was built in Jordon. In 2008 archeologists found a cave under the church with evidence that it was used as a church by 70 disciples of Jesus in the first century after his death, which would make it the oldest Christian site of worship in the world. Links: Jordan, Religion
|
||
|
248 Dec 28 |
Saint Dionysius (d.264) of Alexandria, named "the Great," began serving as the 14th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. Links: Egypt, Religion
|
||
|
276 |
The prophet Mani (b.210), a resident of Babylon, died. His writings led to Manichaeism, one of the major Iranian Gnostic religions, originating in Sassanid Persia. Although most of his original writings have been lost, numerous translations and fragmentary texts have survived. Manichaeism is distinguished by its elaborate cosmology describing the struggle between a good, spiritual world of light, and an evil, material world of darkness. Links: Babylon, Religion
|
||
|
301 |
King Trdat III declared Christianity to be the state religion. Armenia became the first country to adopt Christianity. Not long after the Armenians adopted Christianity in their homeland around the biblical Mt. Ararat, on the eastern border of modern-day Turkey, they dispatched priests to Jerusalem. Links: Armenia, Religion
|
||
|
420 |
Pelagius (b.~354-360), a theologian who advocated free will and asceticism, died about this time. Pelagianism was condemned at the Council of Carthage in 418. Saint Cyril of Alexandria allowed him to settle in Egypt. He is not heard of thereafter. Links: Egypt, Religion
|
||
Need someone professional to write a History essay for you? - Writemyessays.com will help you.
| |||
|
477 |
The Shaolin Monastery, the cradle of kung fu and Zen Buddhism was founded in Dengfeng County, Henan province, China. In 495 the Shaolin Temple was built in the foothills of Mount Songshan, Henan province. It was later considered as the birthplace for Shaolin boxing, a combination of Buddhism and Chinese martial arts that evolved into kung fu (gongfu). In 1998 it established the Henan Shaolin Industrial Development Co as a vehicle to file for trademarks. Links: China, Religion
|
||
|
500 |
The second component of the Talmud, the Gemara, was compiled about this time in Babylon (later Iraq). It is a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh. The first component, the Mishnah, the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law, dated to around 200. Links: Babylon, Israel, Jews, Books, Religion
|
||
|
500 600 |
The historical Bodhidharma (known as Daruma in Japan) was an Indian sage who lived sometime in the fifth or sixth century AD. He is commonly considered the founder of Chan (Zen) Buddhism, and credited with Chan's introduction to China. Daruma’s philosophy arrived first in China, where it flowered and was called Chan Buddhism. Only centuries later did it bloom in Japan, where it is called Zen. Links: China, India, Japan, Religion
|
||
|
590 |
Pope Gregory I revised an earlier list to form the more common Seven Deadly Sins, by folding sorrow/despair into acedia, vainglory into pride, and adding extravagance and envy, while removing fornication from the list (Anger, Envy, Gluttony, Greed, Lust, Pride, Sloth). In the order used by both Pope Gregory and by Dante Alighieri in his epic poem The Divine Comedy, the seven deadly sins are as follows: 1. luxuria (extravagance/lust) 2. gula (gluttony) 3. avaritia (avarice/greed) 4. acedia (acedia/discouragement/sloth) 5. ira (anger/wrath) 6. invidia (envy) 7. superbia (pride). Links: Vatican, Religion
|
||
|
784 |
The Emir 'Abd al-Rahman I purchased the christian half of a Catholic church built by the Visigoths, which had been shared following the Muslim conquest of Spain in 711. He then destroyed the church and built the Great Mosque of Cordoba. In 1236 it was reverted to a Catholic church as the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption. Links: Spain, Visigoths, Islam, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
988 |
Prince Vladimir of Kiev, Volodymyr the Great, accepted Byzantine Orthodoxy. This is the traditional date for the beginning of Russian Christianity. The Kievan Rus ruler was baptized in the ancient Crimean Greek city of Chersonesus before bringing Christianity to the region. Links: Russia, Ukraine, Byzantium, Greece, Religion
|
||
|
1000 1260 |
The Popoloca Indians of Mexico's Puebla state built the Ndachjian-Tehuacan temple complex during this period. In 2018 archeological excavations found the first temple of the Flayed Lord, Xipe Totec, depicted as a skinned human corpse, at the complex. The Popolocas were later conquered by the Aztecs. Links: Mexico, Religion
|
||
|
1058 |
Al-Ma’arri (b.973), a blind Syrian philosopher, poet and writer, died. He attacked the dogmas of religion and rejected the claim that Islam or any other religion possessed the truths they claimed. Links: Poet, Syria, Islam, Religion
|
||
|
1093 Aug 12 |
In England the foundation stone for Durham Cathedral was laid down. The main chapel was completed in 1175. It served as the seat of the Bishop and the church of the Benedictine monastery of Durham. Links: Britain, Architect, Religion
|
||
|
1100 1200 |
Basavanna was a 12th-century Hindu Lingayat philosopher, statesman, Kannada poet in the Niraakaara Shiva-focussed Bhakti movement and a social reformer during the reign of the Kalachuri-dynasty king Bijjala I in Karnataka, India. He founded Lingayatism, often considered a Hindu sect, but it rejects the authority of the Vedas, the caste system, and Hindu beliefs such as reincarnation and karma. Worship is centred on Shiva as the universal god in the iconographic form of Ishtalinga. Lingayatism emphasises qualified monism, with philosophical foundations similar to those of the 11th-12th century South Indian philosopher Ramanuja. Links: India, Poet, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
1173 |
The Waldensian church was founded about this time by a wealthy merchant from Lyon, France, Pierre Valdo (c1140-c1205), who gave up his belongings to preach a Gospel of simplicity and poverty that condemned papal excesses. He was excommunicated in the early 1180s and his followers persecuted as heretics by Rome. By 1215, the Waldensians were declared heretical and subject to intense persecution; the group endured near annihilation in the seventeenth century, and were then confronted with organized and generalized discrimination in the centuries that followed. In 2015 Pope Francis asked forgiveness for the Catholic Church's persecution of members the Waldensian church. Links: France, Vatican, Religion
|
||
|
1190 |
Joachim of Fiore (~1135-1202), Italian theologian and the founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore, claimed that the papacy was the anti-Christ. Links: Italy, Religion
|
||
|
1331 |
Bernard Gui, Inquisitor in Toulouse, died. He authored “Practica Inquisitionis Heretice Pravitatis” (Conduct of the Inquisition into Heretical Wickedness), a manual for Inquisitors in which he listed heretics including Cathars, Waldensians, Beghards, Jews and witches. Links: France, Vatican, Jews, Religion
|
||
|
1371 |
Ubaid Zakani, Persian writer, died. His work included “Mush va Gorbeh” (Mouse and Cat), a match for Rebelais when it comes to mocking religion. Links: Persia, Writer, Islam, Religion
|
||
|
1502 Feb 12 |
Isabella issued a royal order giving all remaining Moors in the realms of Castile the choice between baptism and expulsion. Links: Spain, Islam, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
1517 Oct 31 |
Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Thesis to the door of the Wittenberg Palace All Saints’ Church. He grew to believe in faith alone as man’s link to the justice of God, and therefore denied the need for the vast infrastructure of the Church. This event signaled the beginning of the Protestant Reformation in Germany and Protestantism in general, shattering the external structure of the medieval church and at the same time reviving the religious consciousness of Europe. Martin Luther (1483-1546) was born in Eisleben, Germany. He was a monk in the Catholic Church until 1517, when he founded the Lutheran Church. Links: Germany, Religion
|
||
|
1518 Mar |
Martin Luther wrote his “Sermon on Indulgences and Grace” and published the work in his native German avoiding regional vocabulary. Links: Germany, Religion
|
||
|
1522 Jun 30 |
Johann Reuchlin (b.1455), German-born humanist, died in Stuttgart. He was the first Christian Hebraist in northern Europe. Links: Germany, Religion
|
||
|
1523 Jul 1 |
Hendrik Voes, Flemish priest, church reformer, was burned at stake along with John of Esschen (Jan van Essen), Flemish priest, church reformer. The 2 monks were executed in Brussels for refusing to recant their Lutheran beliefs. Links: Netherlands, Flanders, Religion
|
||
|
1528 |
Babar the Great ordered a large mosque built in Ayodha, 2 years after he established the Mogul Empire in India. Hindu groups later insisted that there was a Hindu temple at the site before the mosque was built. The Babri Mosques was destroyed by a Hindu mob in 1992. Links: India, Religion
|
||
We offer additional services to help you as well including
tax attorney help with tax relief issues,
auto accident attorney services, and
sustainable development information to research going green!
| |||
|
1549 Aug 15 |
Francis Xavier, Portuguese Jesuit missionary, landed in Kagoshima, Japan, and began spreading the Catholic faith there. Links: Portugal, Japan, Religion
|
||
|
1551 Jun 27 |
France promulgated the Edict of Chateaubriand, a crackdown on Protestantism in France. The Edict of Chateaubriand placed severe restrictions on Protestants, including loss of one-third of property to informers and confiscation of all property of those who left France. Links: France, Religion
|
||
|
1553 Oct 27 |
Michael Servetus (b.1511), Spanish theologian and physician, was burnt for heresy in Geneva, Switzerland. His last book "Christianismi Restitutio" included a chapter on the pulmonary circulation of blood. In 2002 Lawrence and Nancy Goldstone authored "Out of the Flames." [see 1540] Links: Spain, Switzerland, Medical, Biography, Religion
|
||
|
1555 Oct 16 |
Hugh Latimer (80), Protestant royal chaplain of Anne Boleyn, was burned at stake at Oxford for heresy under the Catholic rule of Mary, half-sister of Edward VI. Links: Britain, Religion
|
||
|
1555 Oct 16 |
Nicholas Ridley, Protestant English theologian and bishop of Rochester, was burned at Oxford for heresy under the Catholic rule of Mary, half-sister of Edward VI. Links: Britain, Religion
|
||
Need someone professional to write a History essay for you? - Writemyessays.com will help you.
| |||
|
1558 Nov 17 |
Queen Mary (1553-58), Mary I Tudor (42), "Bloody Mary", died. Over 280 Protestants were burned under her rule. Elizabeth I ascended the English throne. With the reign of Elizabeth I a new statement of doctrine of the Church of England was needed. The Church of England was reestablished. In 1996 Carolly Erickson authored "Bloody Mary." Links: Britain, Religion
|
||
|
1562 Aug 8 |
Diego Te, a Maya man in the Yucatec town of Sotuta, testified that a year earlier he had witnessed a village leader and another man cut the hearts from 2 boys and hand them to a shaman, who rubbed the hearts onto the mouths of two Maya idols. The account was preserved in the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya, Religion
|
||
|
1562 |
In the Yucatan a campaign to root out idolatry ended with the destruction of thousands of ritual objects and most of the Maya books in existence. The campaign was led by Franciscan leader Diego de Landa, who was later tried in Spain for his excessive behavior and acquitted. He recorded the oral traditions of the Maya in “An Account of the Things of the Yucatan” before returning there in 1573 as Bishop of Yucatan. Links: Spain, Mexico, Maya, Religion
|
||
|
1563 1727 |
In Prestonpans, Scotland, 81 people were convicted and executed for being witches. In 2004 they were officially pardoned. Links: Scotland, Religion
|
||
|
1569 |
In England a rebellion by 7,000 people in favor of the pope was brutally suppressed. Links: Britain, Mad Crowd, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
1572 Jul 9 |
In Gorinchem, Netherlands, 19 Catholics were executed during the Dutch war for independence. They became known as “The Martyrs of Gorkum.” Links: Netherlands, Religion
|
||
|
1583 |
The Scottish Presbyterian Church began discouraging Christmas celebrations as having no basis in the Bible. Links: Scotland, Religion, Holiday
|
||
|
1587 Jul 25 |
Japanese shogun Toyotomi Hideyoshi banned Christianity in Japan and ordered all Christians to leave. Although the order was not immediately enforced. A decade later, the crackdown began, and 26 Christians were crucified. Links: Japan, Religion
|
||
|
1597 |
In Nagasaki 26 Japanese and Western Christians were crucified. These martyrs were beatified in 1627 and became saints in 1862, among the 42 people from Japan who have been canonized, or reached sainthood. Links: Japan, Vatican, Religion
|
||
|
1603 |
The Church of England canon law required priests to hold morning and evening prayers and a communion service each Sunday in every church they oversaw. Links: Britain, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
1631 |
The General Court of Massachusetts gave voting rights only to Puritan church members. Links: USA, Massachusetts, Religion
|
||
|
1634 Mar 25 |
English colonists sent by Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore, arrived in present-day Maryland. Maryland was founded as a Catholic colony. Links: Britain, Maryland, Religion
|
||
|
1637 Nov 7 1637 Nov 8 |
Anne Hutchinson (b.1591) and her followers were tried as heretics and banished from the Mass Bay colony to Rhode Island. Links: USA, Rhode Island, Religion, Mass murder
|
||
|
1639 |
Roger Williams of Providence, Rhode Island, embraced the Baptist faith long enough to help found the first Baptist church in America. After 4 months he abandoned the Baptist congregation and left organized religion behind. Links: Rhode Island, Religion
|
||
|
1644 |
Roger Williams published “The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution,” a sweeping condemnation of Massachusetts’s intolerance and a manifesto defending the rights of each individual to decide, according to his own conscience, how best to worship god without interference from any civil authority. Links: USA, Writer, God, Books, Rhode Island, Religion
|
||
| |||
|
1645 |
In Brazil two priests and 28 lay people were slaughtered by Dutch Calvinists and indigenous people, and in some cases had their hearts torn from their chests after being tortured and mutilated. Links: Brazil, Religion, Massacre
|
||
|
1655 |
The first Terchen Taksham Rinpoche was born under the name Taksham Nuden Dorje. Links: Tibet, Religion
|
||
|
1662 Jun |
Mary Sanford (~39) of Hartford, Connecticut, was convicted of “familiarity with Satan.” Historians later surmised that she was hanged for her crimes. In 2006 a descendant of Sanford worked on legislation to clear her ancestor as well as a dozen or so other women and men convicted for witchcraft in Connecticut from 1647 to the 1660s. Links: USA, Connecticut, Religion
|
||
|
1664 May |
Benoit Rencorel, a shepherd girl in the French Alps, alleged that she began receiving apparitions of the Virgin Mary. Her apparitions continued to 1718. In 2008 the Vatican officially recognized the “supernatural origin” of the apparitions and made the site of Notre-Dame-du-Laus an official pilgrimage site. Links: France, Vatican, Scam, Religion
|
||
|
1666 |
Russia’s orthodox “Old Believers” split over liturgical reforms. Links: Russia, Religion
|
||
We offer additional services to help you as well including
tax attorney help with tax relief issues,
auto accident attorney services, and
sustainable development information to research going green!
| |||
|
1691 |
The Spanish Inquisition killed 37 Jews from Mallorca for secretly practicing their faith. In 2011 the island’s leading government official issued an official condemnation for the killing. Links: Spain, Jews, Religion
|
||
|
1692 Aug 19 |
Five women were hanged in Salem, Massachusetts after being convicted of the crime of witchcraft. Fourteen more people were executed that year and 150 others are imprisoned. In 2006 the governor of Massachusetts signed legislation exonerating 5 women executed in the Salem witch trials of 1692, whose names had not yet been cleared. In 2015 Stacy Schiff authored “The Witches: Salem, 1692.” Links: USA, Massachusetts, Women, Religion
|
||
|
1692 Oct 8 |
Massachusetts Bay Governor Phipps ordered that spectral evidence no longer be admitted in witchcraft trials. Twenty people had died in the Salem witch trials. In 2005 Richard Francis authored “Judge Sewall’s Apology.” Sewall was one of 3 judges presiding over the Salem trials. In 2006 the governor of Massachusetts signed legislation exonerating 5 women executed in the Salem witch trials of 1692, whose names had not yet been cleared. Links: USA, Massachusetts, Women, Religion
|
||
|
1693 |
The history of the Amish church began with a schism in Switzerland within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists led by Jakob Ammann (1656-1730). Links: Switzerland, God, Religion
|
||
|
1706 |
In Virginia Grace Sherwood, aka the Witch of Pungo, was accused of being a witch and forced to undergo a trial by water. She floated and was imprisoned for nearly 8 years. In 2006 the governor of Virginia officially her name. Links: USA, Virginia, Religion
|
||
Need someone professional to write a History essay for you? - Writemyessays.com will help you.
| |||
