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WeatherUS
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30000 BC 14000 BC |
Scientists in 2007 said that prevailing winds in North America during this period blew from the East Coast. The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered much of the eastern two-thirds of the continent deep into the Midwest and the later Middle Atlantic states. Links: WeatherUS, HistoryBC 
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890 1170 |
The Medieval Warm Period extended across Asia, Europe and North America. Links: WeatherEU, WeatherUS, WeatherAsia
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1580 1850 |
A Little Ice Age gripped the Northern Hemisphere during this period. Links: WeatherEU, WeatherUS, WeatherAsia
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1807 |
The US Survey of the Coast formed. It later developed into the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1819 |
A crop failure in Henderson, Kentucky, ruined the gristmill and sawmill business of John James Audubon (34). Links: USA, Kentucky, WeatherUS
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1848 |
The Smithsonian’s Board of Regents granted director Joseph Henry (1797-1878) a budget of $1000 to establish “a system of extended meteorological observations for solving the problem of American storms.” Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1857 |
Joseph Henry, head of the Smithsonian Institute, began providing daily national weather reports to the Washington Evening Star. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1870 Feb 9 |
The U.S. Army established the US National Weather Service. Congress under continued petition from Smithsonian secretary Joseph Henry and colleagues, passed a military appropriation enabling the US Army Signal Service to make standardized weather observations. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1871 Jan 1 |
The US Signal Office began publishing weather maps as the War Department Maps. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1873 Feb 1 |
Matthew Fontaine Maury (b.1806), American astronomer, died in Lexington Va.. He was also a historian, oceanographer, meteorologist, cartographer, author, geologist, and educator. Maury proposed that the US invite the maritime nations of the world to a conference to establish a “universal system” of meteorology, and he was the leading spirit of that pioneer scientific conference when it met in Brussels in 1853. Within a few years, nations owning three fourths of the shipping of the world were sending their oceanographic observations to Maury at the Naval Observatory, where the information was evaluated and the results given worldwide distribution. His books included "The Physical Geography of the Sea" (1855), the first such comprehensive book on oceanography to be published. Links: USA, Virginia, Astronomy, WeatherUS
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1877 Jul 11 |
Los Angeles recorded a temperature of 112 degrees, but it was not recorded as an all-time-high because official recording only began 20 days later. Links: California, WeatherUS
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1880 |
This is the first year in the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) temperature record. GISS was founded in 1961. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1888 Mar 11 1888 Mar 14 |
A blizzard left snow drifts as high as 40 feet in NYC and forced the NYSE to close for two consecutive days. Hundreds of people died of hypothermia in the north-eastern US and Canada as a result of the 4-day blizzard. Links: Canada, USA, New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, DC, WeatherUS
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1891 |
The US meteorological program under the US Signal Service was transferred to the United States Weather Bureau, a division of the Dept. of Agriculture. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1899 Feb 14 |
A record of 34 inches (86 cm) of snow fell during a 4-day blizzard in Cape May County in southern New Jersey. Links: USA, New Jersey, WeatherUS
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1903 Feb 16 |
At Pokegama, Minnesota, temperatures fell to a record state low of 59 degrees below zero. Links: USA, Minnesota, WeatherUS
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1904 Mar 1 1904 Mar 31 |
SF experienced a record 23 days of rain for this month. The record was broken March 30, 2006, as rainfall hit a 24th day. Links: USA, SF, WeatherUS
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1913 Sep 16 |
San Francisco recorded its hottest day ever and nearly 100,000 people made their way to the seashore. Links: USA, SF, WeatherUS
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1914 Jan 1 |
A Pacific coast storm swept away the entire Ocean Beach of San Francisco from the Cliff House to the life saving station. Links: SF, WeatherUS
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1926 Sep 18 |
A hurricane hit South Florida killing about 400 people and leaving some 50,000 homeless. The category 4 storm became known as the Great Miami Hurricane. Links: Florida, Disaster, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1930 May 13 |
A farmer was killed in a hailstorm near Lubbock, Texas. His death became the only US death officially attributed to hail. Links: USA, Texas, WeatherUS, Agriculture
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1934 May 13 |
A great dustbowl storm occurred. [see Apr 14, 1935] Links: USA, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, WeatherUS
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1935 Mar 12 1935 Mar 25 |
Colorado dust storms killed 6 people, suffocated livestock and covered the ground with up to 6 feet of dust. Links: USA, Colorado, WeatherUS
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1935 Apr 14 |
A major sandstorm, dubbed “The Black Blizzard,” ravaged the US Midwest. The Black Sunday was the worst day of the almost decade long Dust Bowl era. It ravaged Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. In 2005 Timothy Egan authored “The Worst Hard Time: The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl.” Links: USA, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, WeatherUS
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1935 Apr 27 |
US Congress declared soil erosion "a national menace" in an act establishing the Soil Conservation Service in the Department of Agriculture (formerly the Soil Erosion Service in the U.S. Department of Interior). Under the direction of Hugh H. Bennett, the SCS developed extensive conservation programs that retained topsoil and prevented irreparable damage to the land. Farming techniques such as strip cropping, terracing, crop rotation, contour plowing, and cover crops were advocated. Farmers were paid to practice soil-conserving farming techniques. Links: USA, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, WeatherUS
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1935 Sep 2 |
A hurricane slammed into the Florida Keys, claiming more than 400 lives. Estimates of the dead reached 500-800. Some 260 WW I veterans were killed in the Labor Day hurricane as well as over 160 permanent residents. In 2002 Willie Drye authored “The Storm of the Century: The Labor Day Hurricane of 1935.” Links: USA, Florida, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1938 Sep 21 |
A Category 3 hurricane struck parts of New York and New England, causing widespread damage and claiming up to 800 lives. Winds hit 183 MPH in New England. The storm hit Long Island and Connecticut and caused $308 million in damage. Links: USA, New York, Connecticut, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1940 |
The United States Weather Bureau, a division of the Dept. of Agriculture, was moved to the Dept. of Commerce. In 1967 it was renamed the National Weather Service. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1944 Sep 14 |
A Category 3 hurricane, the Great Atlantic Hurricane, struck eastern New England. Winds hit 109 MPH in Connecticut and 46 people were killed on land and caused $100 million in damage. The storm sank 5 ships killing 344 people. Links: USA, Connecticut, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1947 Jun 22 |
Holt, Missouri, experienced a world-record rainstorm when 304.8 mm (1 ft) of rain fell in 42 minutes. June 1947 had been the wettest month of record since record-keeping began in 1888 in northern Missouri. Holt is located in both Clay and Clinton Counties, Missouri and had a population of 405 in 2000. Links: USA, Missouri, WeatherUS
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1947 Dec 26 |
Heavy snow blanketed the Northeast, burying New York City under 25.8 inches of snow in 16 hours. A record 26.4 inches fell and led to 77 deaths. Links: USA, NYC, WeatherUS
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1954 Aug 31 |
Hurricane Carol hit the northeastern United States, resulting in nearly 70 deaths and millions of dollars in damage. Links: USA, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1955 Dec 22 1955 Dec 26 |
A "storm of the century" caused a devastating flood in northern California and left 76 people dead. Damages were estimated at $125 million. Links: California, SF Bay Area, WeatherUS, Flood
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1955 Dec 24 |
A levee break on the Shanghai Bend of the Feather River south of Yuba City, Ca., killed 38 people. Links: USA, California, WeatherUS
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1959 Nov 28 |
Under a directive by Archbishop John J. Mitty, Catholics were urged to pray for rain as Northern California went through its 70th dry day. Beginning today the special prayer “oratio ad petendum pluviam” would be included in all Masses until the drought ends. Links: USA, California, WeatherUS, Religion
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1960 Sep 9 |
Hurricane Donna hit the Florida Keys and moved up the coast to New England. It caused 50 US deaths and $387 million in damage. Links: USA, Florida, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1965 |
George P. Cressman (1919-2008) was named head of the US National Weather Service. In 1966 he started expressing its forecasts in terms of probability. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1971 |
Ted Fujita, a Univ. of Chicago wind expert, developed the F0 to F5 scale for measuring the strength of tornadoes. Links: USA, Chicago, WeatherUS
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1972 Mar |
The El Nino weather pattern was noticed to have caused trade winds on the equator to turn around. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1975 |
Stephen H. Schneider (d.2010 at 65), Stanford climate scientist, founded the journal Climactic Change. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1978 Jul 30 |
Tropical Storm Amelia formed in the western Gulf of Mexico near Brownsville, Texas. The storm moved over land, but continued to intensify to a 50 mph tropical storm. The storm dissipated over Texas on August 1. Flooding rains due to torrential rains exceeding 40 inches led to the deaths of 30 people in Texas. Links: USA, Mexico, Texas, WeatherUS
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1979 Sep 3 |
Hurricane David struck along the central Florida coast, leaving several people dead and millions of dollars in damage. Links: USA, Florida, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1980 Mar 2 |
Snow fell in Florida. Links: USA, Florida, WeatherUS
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1981 Jan 8 |
Resorts around Lake Tahoe offered limited skiing and businesses suffered from a late start in the skiing season. It was the latest start since the 1976-77 drought. Links: USA, California, Nevada, WeatherUS, Skiing
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1982 Jun 4 |
A 4-day storm began in New England. It deluged Connecticut with 14 inches of rain, breaking 23 dams and destroying two. Damages were estimated at close to $276 million. Links: USA, Connecticut, WeatherUS
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1983 Aug 18 |
Hurricane Alicia slammed into the Texas coast, leaving 21 dead and causing more than $1 billion damage. Links: USA, Texas, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1984 Mar |
A storm system spawned 22 twisters in the Carolinas that killed 57 people, including 42 in North Carolina, and injured hundreds. Links: North Carolina, South Carolina, WeatherUS
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1985 Jan 21 |
19F (-28C) was recorded at Caesar's Head, South Carolina, a state record. 34F (-37C) was recorded at Mt. Mitchell, North Carolina, a state record. Links: North Carolina, South Carolina, WeatherUS
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1985 Jan 22 |
A cold wave damaged 90% of Florida's citrus crop. Links: USA, Florida, Food, WeatherUS
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1985 Sep 27 |
Hurricane Gloria, having come ashore at North Carolina with winds of 130 mph, proceeded to head up the Atlantic coast toward New England. The NYSE closed for one day due to the storm. Links: USA, NYC, North Carolina, NYSE, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1985 Oct 27 |
Hurricane Juan ravaged US Gulf states and east coast and 49 died. Links: Louisiana, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1986 Feb |
A huge storm hit California. A levee break near the Yuba County town of Linda produced $500 million in damage. Links: California, WeatherUS
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1987 Nov 12 |
Heavy snow closed schools from DC to Maine. Links: Maine, DC, WeatherUS
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1988 Jun 23 |
NASA climatologist James Hansen brought the greenhouse effect to the attention of the American public when he told Congress that worldwide temperature increases were probably a sign of human alteration of the atmosphere. Links: USA, WeatherUS
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1988 Sep 12 |
Hurricane Gilbert, called the storm of the century, smashed into the Gulf coast. It slammed into Jamaica with torrential rains and winds of 145 mph, killing 45 people and causing damage estimated at up to $1 billion. It also devastated the Yucatan peninsula and left 225 people dead. The storm hit the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Cuba, Cayman Islands and Mexico before striking Texas. Links: Haiti, USA, Cuba, Mexico, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Texas, Dominican Rep., WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1988 Sep 13 |
As Hurricane Gilbert made its way toward Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, forecasters reported the barometric pressure of Gilbert's center measured a low of 26.13 inches, making it the strongest hurricane ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere. Links: Mexico, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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1988 Sep 14 |
Hurricane "Gilbert" slammed into Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula after forcing thousands of residents to flee. Links: Mexico, WeatherUS
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1988 Sep 15 |
Thousands of coastal residents from Mexico to Louisiana were fleeing to higher ground, a day after Hurricane Gilbert pounded the Yucatan Peninsula. Links: Louisiana, Mexico, WeatherUS
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1988 Sep 16 |
Hurricane Gilbert slammed into the Mexico coast for the second time in three days, its center sweeping ashore north of La Pesca, 120 miles south of Brownsville, Texas. Links: USA, Mexico, Texas, WeatherUS
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1989 Sep 21 |
Hurricane Hugo, packing winds of up to 135 mph, crashed into Charleston, S.C. Links: USA, South Carolina, WeatherUS, Hurricane
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