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10300 BC |
In 2021 it was reported that scientists have unearthed evidence of a milestone in human culture, the earliest-known use of tobacco, in the remnants of a hearth built by early inhabitants of North America's interior about this time in Utah's Great Salt Lake Desert. Until then, the earliest documented use of tobacco came in the form of nicotine residue found inside a smoking pipe from Alabama dating to 3,300 years ago. Links: Utah, Alabama, Smoking, AmerIndian 
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1493 |
Rodrigo de Jerez, a sailor under Christopher Columbus, became the first person to bring tobacco to Europe. In November 1492, Jerez and Luis de Torres first observed natives smoking. The Spanish Inquisition imprisoned him for his "sinful and infernal" habits. Links: Spain, Smoking
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1587 |
Giles Everard, a Dutch doctor, authored “Panacea,” extolling the virtues of tobacco. The Latin version was made available in English in 1659. Links: Netherlands, Smoking, Books
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1614 |
English Jamestown colonist John Rolfe successfully cultivated tobacco for export to England. This guaranteed the colony’s economic survival. Links: Britain, USA, Virginia, Smoking
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1643 |
Fang Yizhi, a Chinese scholar, wrote that smoking tobacco for too long would blacken the lungs and lead to death. Links: China, Medical, Smoking
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1880 |
James Albert Bonsack (1859-1924) invented the first cigarette rolling machine. He received 2 patents for it in 1881. Bonsack's machine was able to produce 120,000 cigarettes in ten hours, revolutionizing the cigarette industry. In 2007 Allan M. Brandt authored “The Cigarette Century: The Rise and Fall, and Deadly Persistence of the Product that Defined America.” Links: USA, Technology, Smoking, Inventor
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1885 |
US drug manufacturer Parke-Davis sold cocaine in various forms, including cigarettes, powder, and even a cocaine mixture that could be injected directly into the user's veins with the included needle. Links: USA, Pharma, Drugs, Smoking
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1889 Aug 20 |
Leonide Lacroix of France was granted a US patent for a machine to cut and wind strips of paper for cigarettes. Rizla became a brand name for rolling papers. Links: USA, France, Smoking
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1895 |
Gov. H.H. Markham appointed Moses A. Gunst (1853-1928), millionaire cigar retailer, as a SF police commissioner. Links: USA, California, Smoking
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1907 |
In San Francisco a 3-story building was built at 201 O’Farrell St. It was designed by Arthur Lamb. Marquard’s Little Cigar Store opened on the corner with a classic neon marquee. Links: SF, Smoking, Architect, Advertising
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1909 |
The America Tobacco Company issued its T-206 baseball card collection, the first to be done in color. New cards continued to be issued through 1911. Links: USA, Baseball, Smoking
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1915 Oct 16 |
San Francisco’s Panama-Pacific Expo celebrated “Tobacco Day.” A “pipe of peace” festival took place in the Court of the Universe. Links: USA, SF, Smoking
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1916 Aug 24 |
The San Francisco Association for the Blind and the Blind Relief War Fund obtained permission to some 300 girls and women to sell some 500,000 cigarettes on Cigarette Day, September 14. Links: USA, SF, Smoking
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1938 |
Topps was founded as a tobacco and gum wholesaler by the 4 Shorin brothers in Brooklyn. Its first bubble gum cards, Hocus Pocus magic Photos, came out in 1948. Topps baseball cards were introduced in 1951. Links: USA, NYC, Smoking
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1948 |
The US government launched a heart study in Framingham, Mass., amid an epidemic of heart disease, to compile reams of health data on a group of people in their 30s, 40s and 50s, and hope that over time links would emerge between their lifestyles and heart health. Discoveries by the long term study included: Cigarette smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol and diabetes raise the risk of heart disease, and physical exercise lowers the risk. In 2009 researchers reported that the data showed that loneliness spreads very much like a communicable disease. Links: USA, Medical, Smoking, Psychology, Heart
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1954 |
Dr. George Moore and colleagues at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute at Buffalo, NY, published a pioneering study of male patients with cancer of the mouth showing that a majority of them had been tobacco chewers for significant periods of time. Links: USA, New York, Medical, Smoking, Cancer
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1964 Jan 11 |
US Surgeon General Luther Terry issued “Smoking and Health” the first major government report saying smoking may be hazardous to one's health. The US surgeon-general announced that smoking contributes substantially to mortality. Links: USA, Medical, Smoking
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1964 |
Cytosine, produced under the brand name Tabex, was first marketed in Bulgaria. It was produced by the Bulgarian pharmaceutical company Sopharma AD and became widely available in the Formerly Socialist Economies of Europe (FSE). The cytisine derivative varenicline was approved in 2006 as a smoking cessation drug. Links: Bulgaria, Pharma, Smoking
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1966 Jan 1 |
By law all US cigarette packs began carrying the warning: "Caution! Cigarette smoking may be hazardous to your health." Links: USA, Medical, Smoking
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1969 |
The National Association of Broadcasters endorsed the phase out of cigarette ads on TV and radio. Links: USA, Smoking, Advertising
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1970 Apr 1 |
President Nixon signed a measure banning cigarette advertising on radio and television, to take effect after Jan. 1, 1971. Links: USA, TV, Radio, Smoking, NixonR
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1970 |
The American Lung Association began its "Kick the Habit" antismoking campaign. Links: USA, Medical, Smoking, Advertising
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1971 Jan 1 |
The US government ban on TV Cigarette ads went into effect. Links: USA, Smoking
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1973 Jan 17 |
The US Public Health Service linked smoking to fetal and infant risks. Links: USA, Medical, Smoking
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1976 |
The Great American Smokeout, organized by the American Cancer Society, was first held in California. Links: USA, California, Smoking, Cancer
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1981 |
The Philip Morris Corp. ran studies that predicted a decline in the number of teenage smokers. This caused their officials to worry over the future of their cigarette sales. Links: USA, Smoking
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1982 Feb 8 |
John Hay Whitney (b.1904), oil and tobacco heir, died. He was a publisher of the New York Herald Tribune and served as an ambassador to Britain. His wife of 40 years was Betsy Cushing Whitney (d.1998). Links: USA, Oil, Smoking, Journalism
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1982 |
The US Congress doubled the federal excise tax on cigarettes to 16 cents per pack. Links: USA, Taxes, Smoking
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1983 1992 |
DNA Plant Technology Corp. later admitted to having worked on a secret research project over this period, at the behest of an unnamed US tobacco company, to increase the nicotine content of tobacco plants. Links: USA, DNA, Smoking, Corp. Scandal
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1985 Oct 30 |
American Brands was removed as a component of the Dow Jones. It had begun as American Tobacco in 1890. Links: USA, Smoking, DJIA
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1987 Feb 6 |
No-smoking rules took effect in US federal buildings. Links: USA, Smoking
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1987 Feb 19 |
An anti-smoking ad aired for the 1st time on TV and featured Yul Brynner (1920-1985), who had died of lung cancer. Links: Smoking
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1987 |
The Member States of the World Health Organization created World No Tobacco Day to draw global attention to the tobacco epidemic and the preventable death and disease it causes. The World Health Assembly passed Resolution WHA40.38, calling for 7 April 1988 to be a "a world no-smoking day." In 1988, Resolution WHA42.19 was passed, calling for the celebration of World No Tobacco Day, every year on 31 May. Links: Smoking, WHO
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1988 Apr 23 |
A federal ban on smoking during domestic airline flights of two hours or less went into effect. Links: USA, Aviation, Smoking
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1988 May 16 |
US Surgeon General C. Everett Koop released a report declaring nicotine was addictive in ways similar to heroin and cocaine. Links: USA, Smoking
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1988 Jun 13 |
A US federal jury found cigarette manufacturer Liggett Group liable in the lung-cancer death of New Jersey resident Rose Cipollone, but innocent of misrepresenting the risks of smoking. An appeals court later overturned the jury's award of $400,000 and ordered a new trial; the family dropped the lawsuit in 1992. Links: USA, New Jersey, Smoking, Cancer
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1988 Oct 17 |
Philip Morris Companies Inc. launched an $11.5 billion takeover bid for Kraft Inc. Links: USA, M&A, Smoking
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1988 |
Voters in California passed Proposition 99 which levied a tax on cigarettes to in part fund education and research programs. Links: USA, California, Smoking, Education
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1988 |
In South Korea the sale of foreign tobacco was made legal. Links: South Korea, Smoking
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1989 Nov 1 |
A Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) and Finnair ban on smoking took effect for all Nordic flights. Links: Sweden, Aviation, Smoking
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1989 Nov 21 |
A law banning smoking on most domestic flights signed by President Bush. Links: USA, Aviation, Smoking, BushHW
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1990 1991 |
Cuba was producing 90 million cigars annually. Links: China, Cuba, Smoking
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1990 |
Smoking was banned on US domestic flights 6 hours or less. Links: USA, Aviation, Smoking
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1991 |
Turkey abolished the price controls that propped up its state-owned tobacco company. Links: Turkey, Smoking
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1993 Oct 28 |
Doris Duke (b.1912), the only child of American Tobacco founder James Buchanon, died. She left a fortune to her butler, Bernard Lafferty (d.1996). She left $1.2 billion to her Doris Duke Charitable Foundation which took over management of her Shangri La home in Hawaii. In 2002 it opened as a museum to promote Middle Eastern art and culture. The foundation also bestowed her trove of Southeast Asian artifacts to the Asian Art museum in San Francisco. Links: USA, Smoking, Hawaii, Big Money
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1994 Feb 24 |
US Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders labeled smoking an "adolescent addiction" and accused the tobacco industry of trying to convince teen-agers that cigarettes will make them sexy and successful. Links: USA, Smoking
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1994 Mar 8 |
The US Defense Department announced a smoking ban for workplaces ranging from the Pentagon to battle tanks. Links: USA, Smoking
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1994 Apr 8 |
Smoking was banned in Pentagon and all US military bases. Links: USA, Smoking
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1994 Apr 14 |
The chiefs of America's seven largest tobacco companies spent more than six hours being grilled by the House Energy and Commerce health subcommittee about the effects of smoking. Links: USA, Smoking
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1994 |
California prohibited smoking in enclosed workplaces. Links: USA, California, Smoking
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1995 Feb 17 |
Federal judge allowed a lawsuit claiming US tobacco makers knew nicotine was addictive and manipulated its levels to keep customers hooked. Links: USA, Smoking
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1995 Apr 10 |
NYC enacted the Smoke Free Air Act which banned smoking in all restaurants that seated 35 or more. Links: NYC, Smoking
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1995 May 26 |
In the tobacco industry’s largest recall ever, Philip Morris USA halted sales of several cigarette brands, including some versions of top-selling Marlboro, because some filters were contaminated. Links: USA, Smoking
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1995 Aug 21 |
ABC News settled a $10 billion libel suit by apologizing to Philip Morris for reporting the tobacco giant had manipulated the amount of nicotine in its cigarettes. Links: Smoking, Telecom, Lawsuit
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1995 Nov 12 |
CBS replaced a special whistle blowing interview with Jeffrey Wigand, a former tobacco company scientist, with a watered down version of the story. The 1999 film "The Insider" was a dramatization of the incident. Links: TV, Smoking
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1995 |
Cuban cigar production dropped to 50 million. Links: Cuba, Smoking
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1996 Mar 13 |
Liggett, the nation's fifth-largest tobacco company, made history by settling a private class-action lawsuit alleging cigarette makers manipulated nicotine to hook smokers. Liggett became the first tobacco company to acknowledge that cigarettes are addictive and cause cancer. In 1997 Bennet LeBow, owner of Liggett, revealed that Philip Morris had agreed to pay $10 million per year in legal fees while he kept silent. Links: USA, Smoking, Lawsuit
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1996 Mar 15 |
The Liggett Group agreed to repay more than ten million dollars in Medicaid bills for treatment of smokers, settling lawsuits with five states. The settlement came two days after Liggett, the nation’s fifth-largest tobacco company, made history by settling a private class-action lawsuit alleging cigarette makers manipulated nicotine to hook smokers. Links: Smoking
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1996 May |
The Hong Kong listed Millennium Group, partly owned by the Tanuwidjaja family of Indonesia, bought 25% of World Wide Golden Leaf, a tobacco company owned by Ted Sioeng. Links: Hong Kong, Indonesia, Smoking
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1996 Jun 6 |
San Francisco became the first city in the nation to sue the tobacco industry. Links: USA, SF, Smoking
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